Seawater is the only source that is droughtproof and inexhaustible. Kids learn about solar energy and how this renewable power can help the environment. A desalination plants energy consumption depends on several. Either using the direct heat from the sun or using electricity generated by solar cells to power a membrane process. This video details the worlds first solar powered desalination plant. Solar desalination in the modern era extends back to the early 1950s when simple solar stills were studied for remote desert and coastal communities 1. Supplying fresh water is an energy intensive task especially when there is need for heating cold water to evaporate for distillation. New prospects for pv powered water desalination plants in. Khan school of engineering and technology, central queensland university rockhampton, queensland 4702, australia email. Teach students about solar cells and using the sun for heat. By 2030, water demand is projected to exceed supply by 40%. It used solar power to convert brackish saline water with little use into potable water using reverse osmosis. Pvro desalination plant for water supply in rural areas.
However, because of inexpensive water pumps and pipelines and declining energy costs in the 20th century, solar stills have become less of a viable solution for these. Ro desalination plant installed in bandar lengeh 72. Solar energy is a renewable and sustainable energy source. A new solarpowered desalination plant, which will likely begin construction early next year in fresno county, will make enough water for 10,000 homes or 2,000 acres of cropland in a year.
More generally, desalination refers to the removal of salts and minerals from a target substance, as in soil desalination, which is an issue for agriculture. The minister said that the proposed water plant would use 200 megawatt power from wind and 200 megawatt from solar panels. These options could potentially lower power costs for a desalination plant by a substantial amount. In addition to all methods of water recycling and conservation, new sources are imperative. Introduction water is an abundant natural resource, as approximately threequarters of the planet is covered by it. From early morning, it receives perpendicular radiation on one side of the plant. Currently, the majority of largescale desalination plants in the world employ. Solar desalination projects will reduce the lcow by lowering the lcoh, which will result in more efficient desalination processes and lower overall capital and integration costs for solarthermal desalination. Desalination is a process that takes away mineral components from saline water. Individual still designs include singleslope, doubleslope or greenhouse type, vertical, conical, inverted absorber, multiwick, and multiple effect. Top 7 disadvantages of solar energy understand solar. All types of solar thermal desalination technologies are presented in detail to enable readers to comprehend the subject, from design details to. Pdf in light of a sort of crisis of water scarcity which begins to loom worldwide as well. Methods and systems presents numerous thermal seawater desalination technologies varying from the very simple, easy to construct and operate solar stills, to the more advance membrane and indirect distillation methods.
Direct use solar energy to produce distillate directly in the solar collector requires large land areas and has a relatively low productivity indirect combining conventional desalination techniques smallscale production due to its relatively low cost. Pdf presents an overview of desalination concept and critical issues such as energy use, environmental issues. You will also gain an insight into the various drawbacks it can have. Water desalination technologies utilizing conventional and. A federally funded research effort to revolutionize water treatment has yielded an offgrid technology that uses energy from sunlight alone to turn salt water into fresh drinking water. Solar desalination is a technique used to remove salt from water via a specially designed still that uses solar energy to boil seawater and capture the resulting steam, which is in turn cooled and. E are most appropriate for largescle systems where waste heat is available rom another process, such as a themal power plant. The main reason for this is that it is internationally recognized that power and water supply will be two major issues mankind will have to face and solve during the. Solar still a solar still is a simple way of distilling water, using the heat of the sun to drive evaporation from humid soil, and ambient air to cool a condenser film. An overview of solar thermal desalination technologies.
Silmuru abb 23, a, 2012 solar desalination important. Pdf design and simulation of a solar energy system for. It is based on uptodate cost data for photovoltaic power plants and ro desalination plants. Solar desalination drinking water building insulation.
May 19, 2015 top 7 disadvantages of solar energy heres a list of the top 7 disadvantages of solar energy. Overview of village scale, renewable energy powered desalination. Freshwater from salt water using only solar energy. Desalination of sea and brackish water is a common technique to alleviate the increasing shortage of fresh water in many areas of the world today. A comparative analysis zachary taillefer, anthony scalzi, ryan stock, and andrew tremblay advisor. It shows fuel shares of total world energy supply, including the contribution of fossil sources oil, coal and gas, nuclear power providing for about 16% of global electricity demand and 6. The byproduct of the desalination process is brine.
Filmtec sw302540 dow reverse osmosis membrane membrane housing, frp, 2. Australias first solar desalination plant approved by rebecca boyle on 6 september, 2012 the clean energy applications of solar pv, powering everything from our homes and schools to large sports stadiums, are welldocumented but less well known is thier potential to. Solar energy conversion and photoenergy systems water desalination by humidification and dehumidification of air, seawater greenhouse process karim bourouni, mohamed thameur chaibi, ali al taee encyclopedia of life support systems eolss agriculture, with a high demand for water, will be a major pressure point. Conceptual design and numerical analysis of a novel. The desalination system, which uses a combination of membrane distillation technology and lightharvesting nanophotonics, is the first major innovation from the center for nanotechnology enabled water. Concentrated solar power systems use lenses or mirrors and solar tracking systems to focus a large area of sunlight into a small beam. Drinkable fresh water, being a fundamental need of human beings, has become a serious concern for people especially living in crowded cities and countries with limited amount of water resources. Desalination systems are of two broad types, based upon either thermal distillation or membrane separation. Among all methods of desalination, reverse osmosis ro desalination is the most promising and the most feasible method.
A case study is presented of a plant producing 6550 m3 water per day on the coast of the red sea in saudi arabia powered by 3mwdc pv or hcpv capacities. The latest move is a solar powered desalination plant aimed at treating 60,000 square meters of seawater daily for the northeastern city of al khafji. Nonetheless, desalination processes require large quantities of energy, so their implementation is jeopardized by a significant environmental impact if fossil fuels are used. Worlds largest solar powered desalination plant under way. Overview of village scale, renewable energy powered. Even though we, understandably, are in favor of solar, everyone should be aware of all the disadvantages of solar energy before committing to anything.
The group hopes to have a facility at commercial scale by 2020. Solar power is the conversion of energy from sunlight into electricity, either directly using photovoltaics pv, indirectly using concentrated solar power, or a combination. However, many new elements have been added and the whole method has been improved and modified for the present work. Design and simulation of a solar energy system for desalination of. The abu dhabi solar desalination plant was operated from 1984 to 2002 where it employed evacuated tube solar collectors to col lect the thermal energy needed to run an med system. Ukbased solar power plc has been contracted to build firstever solar dome desalination plants in neom, which covers 26,500 km2 area in northwest saudi arabia.
Integration of power generation and water desalination. The energy consumption of renewable powered desalination plants ranges. The plant, which had solar collection area of 4,700 m 2 51,000 sq ft, could produce up to 22,700 l 5,000 imp gal. The stress on natural water systems can be seen today in every part of the world. Msf or multiple efect distillation e because these desalination technologies were the irst to mature and because they have large economies of scale. Since, the mid 1990s, the public utilities commission of texas puct has been aggressively deregulating the texas wholesale and retail power markets. The towered solar desalination plant receives solar energy from sun rise till sun set.
Solar desalination free download as powerpoint presentation. Water desalination by humidification and dehumidification. Solar photovoltaic desalination of brackish water in remote areas. Solar energy has a very promising role to play in addressing water scarcity problems through. An overview of solar thermal desalination technologies i.
According to renewable energy world, the plant is the fifth desalination demonstration project from masdar, which is currently running a pilot program to test renewably powered desalination plants in the united arab emirates. However, the towered solar desalination plant is the solution that keeps the cost of cleanest water extremely lower and is highly productive plant. Pdf domestic water desalination plant using solar energy. By reading this article, you will discover what makes solar energy one of the most popular renewable energy sources in use today. The advanced technology of the control unit with low maintenances tubular battery of long life and automatic operations gives a great comfort to the customers. There are two common methods of solar desalination. Solar desalination is a technique to produce water with a low salt concentration from seawater or brine using solar energy. The desalination plants with high production capacities are mostly installed in the middle east. A computer program named soldes was developed to simulate the operation of solar desalination plants which utilize evacuated tube collectors, heat accumulators and multipleeffect distillation. Oct 05, 2019 how do solar panels work to generate electricity. The future of gravitational wave astronomy dtstart. Solar desalination solar desalination is a technique to desalinate water using solar energy. Scribd is the worlds largest social reading and publishing site.
Solar energy is free although there is a cost in the building of collectors and other equipment required to convert solar energy into electricity or hot water. Concentrating solar power and desalination plants solarpaces. Desalination of water is one of the key drivers under nonpower applications of dae program. From the research, we have concluded that although solar desalination is not a viable option at the present, further research will make solar desalination most economic.
Desalination of salty water is a good solution to solve this problem. Special methods and types used in solar desalination are introduced, providing new thoughts, concepts, and feasible solutions in the desalination field, along with the thermal and economic efficiency relating to current technology. Reverse osmosis ro desalination powered mainly with photovoltaics. The worlds first solar powered desalination plant in india. Solar dome to power sustainable water desalination at neom. Introduction the conventional solar desalination plants are horizontally spread on ground consuming space produces only 4 to 6 liters water per square meter per day. This article looks at the different pros and cons of solar energy. Solar desalination plant shows promise solar desalination system appears to be costeffective. The project is expected to produce 30 cubic meters of water per day and will consume an estimated 2. The estimation of the energy requirements of a desalination plant powered by res is based on the approach, first proposed by hanafi 1. Solar desalination is a technique to desalinate water using solar energy. This project will develop and test ceramic membranes for solar driven membrane distillation md systems for desalination. Isbn 9789533073118, pdf isbn 9789535145165, published 20110228. A standard solar panel also known as a solar module consists of a layer of silicon cells, a metal frame, a glass casing, and various wiring to allow current to flow from the silicon cells.
Our site features a company directory profiling 52,474 solar manufacturers, sellers and solar panel installers. Most of the big desalination plants around the world use fossil. Saltwater is desalinated to produce water suitable for human consumption or irrigation. Almost all of the large scale desalination plants in australia and more than 60% of all desalination plants. Australias first solar desalination plant approved. Solar energy desalination technology explains how to obtain clean water from sea water using solar energy. Solar driven desalination by membrane distillation using ceramic membranes location. Several solarthemal msf and e pilot plants have been. A solar desalination plant for domestic water needs in arid areas of south algeria.
The projects aim to make improvements to current stateoftheart and nearcommercial systems, produce repeatable results, and include. Enf solar solar companies and products welcome to enf solar. Professor david spanagel water touches, and is touched by, all of our daily actions, and many serious problems involving water face all current and future generations. Spain added another 400 mw in 2010, taking the global lead with a total of 632 mw in operation.
1507 296 1182 897 1293 1580 910 751 1507 1134 421 111 1652 1299 68 502 1423 1105 806 1638 1112 479 1339 1575 211 797 644 1336 638 1591 353 888 1338 989 1310 1392 497 597 885 18