Reducing the risks of nonstructural earthquake damage a practical guide, third edition, published in 1994. The destabilizing action of an earthquake on constructions may be direct seismic motion of the ground or indirect earthquakeinduced landslides, liquefaction of the foundation soils and waves of tsunami knowledge of local amplification of the seismic motion from the. If you have a mobile home, there are steps you can take to protect your home, as well. Effect of xbracing configuration on earthquake damage. Post earthquake instructions can also be issued like information about after shocks and recovery. Structural mitigation is the physical changes or act of protection from disasters or hazards. If this information is news to you, the good news is that earthquake preparedness and seismic bracing and nonstructural seismic mitigation etc all services are available online. Khatib et al 1988 proposed to add zipper columns to link together all bracetobeam intersecting points with the aim to drive all. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. Cross bracing may employ full diagonals, or corner bracing or knee bracing. Lets take a look at each of these sections and what it means to your homes preparation. Earthquake hazard mitigation 1 chapter 1 for nonstructural elements overview chapter 1 overview the primary focus of this guide is to help the reader understand how to conduct a building survey to identify nonstructural items that are vulnerable in an earthquake and most likely to. Guidebook for earthquake protection for nonstructural.
If the building has been designed in accordance with the appropriate codes and building requirements for earthquake mitigation, then the risk of failure due to an earthquake should be minimal. It is a usual application when constructing earthquake safe buildings. The purpose of this nonstructural earthquake mitigation guidance manual is to help the federal emergency management agency fema, state, and local officials, and other stakeholders answer two central questions about nonstructural seismic hazard mitigation. May 06, 2015 emergency management can involve the mitigation that is practiced in either a structural or a nonstructural sense. Earthquake disaster mitigation policy in japan by koji ikeuchi1 and nobuharu isago2 abstract this paper presents the stateoftheart of earthquake disaster mitigation policy in japan. Innovative bracing system for earthquake resistant. This method of construction maximizes the weight of the load a structure is able to support.
Inexpensive metal lshaped brackets are available at your local hardware store, and theyre easy to install. Similar trends probably exist for other bracing methods and wall assemblies, whether engineered or. Earthquake disaster mitigation research in japan and. This does not mean that there were no earthquake engineers looking at the problem prior to then, but they were in a. The common uses for cross bracing includes bridge side supports, along with structural foundations. Bracing is important in earthquake resistant buildings because it helps keep a structure standing. Hundreds of thousand people lost their lives and loss of billions of dollars properties occurred in these disasters. Engineers at the university of michigan simulated an offthecharts earthquake in a laboratory in december 2008 to test the strength of their new technique for bracing highrise buildings. Structural dynamics and earthquake engineering books civil. Available in bulk or custom precut cable bracing kits. The destabilizing action of an earthquake on constructions may be direct seismic motion of the ground or indirect earthquake induced landslides, liquefaction of the foundation soils and waves of tsunami. Mitigation measures for personal safety, structures, outbuildings, and landscape. Our product is perfect for retrofit seismic bracing projects.
There is no length limitation to our earthquake bracing systems. Earthquake disaster mitigation research in japan and international collaboration y. Move heavy items, such as pictures, mirrors, or tall dressers, away from beds and places where people sit. This is a device for shaking structural models or building components with a wide range of. Earthquake mitigation planmeasures early warning benefits this method is better than announcements by radio, tv, mobile phones because almost all the people will listen to this announcement. Preventive and mitigation measures when earthquake strikes a building is thrown mostly from side to side, and also up. In construction, cross bracing is a system utilized to reinforce building structures in which diagonal supports intersect.
A residential seismic retrofit strengthens an existing older house, making it more resistant to earthquake activity such as ground shaking and soil failure. What can you do to prepare your home for an earthquake. The status that japan is prone to have damage from earthquake is dictated. For single storey structures, a warning few seconds. Figure 23 a threestory masonry bearing wall building. Earthquake hazard mitigation 5 chapter 2 for nonstructural elements behavior of nonstructural elements. The outline of largescale earthquake such as tokai, tonankai. Honkura japan science and technology agency satreps program officer international symposium on earthquake and tsunami disaster mitigation in latin america march 7, 2014 headquarters for earthquake research promotion.
Protecting against earthquake damage protecting your home or small business from disasters 58 anchoring fuel tanks and woodburning stoves fuel oil and propane tanks can slide or overturn in an earthquake, rupturing the tank or breaking the supply line and causing a fire. Such considerations should guide and constrain future. Mar 10, 2009 engineers at the university of michigan simulated an offthecharts earthquake in a laboratory in december 2008 to test the strength of their new technique for bracing highrise buildings. Earthquake mitigation basics for mitigation staff fema. Guidelines for earthquake bracing of residential water heaters. Fema earthquake mitigation handbook randolph langenbach. Earthquakes can be one of the most devastating natural disasters. If your bookshelves are freestanding, they could easily fall over during a large earthquake, injuring anyone who happened to be adjacent, especially a small child.
Cross bracing can increase a buildings capability to withstand seismic activity. Through assimilation of the lessons learnt and dissemination of this information, it is hoped that, future earthquakes will not exact such a heavy toll. The purpose of this nonstructural earthquake mitigation guidance manual is to help the federal emergency management agency fema, state, and local officials, and other stakeholders answer two central questions about nonstructural seismic hazard mitigation projects. Reducing the risks of nonstructural earthquake damage.
By roger shelton, branz senior structural engineer. Structural dynamics and earthquake engineering books. Cross bracing can increase a buildings capability to withstand seismic. Move or secure items that could fall over or block an exit in an earthquake. Nonstructural earthquake mitigation guidance manual fema. A study on the seismic behavior of a retrofitted building based on nonlinear static and dynamic analyses. Usaids support enabled partners to strengthen earthquake response capacity at the local and national levels in collaboration with the government of nepal gon, nongovernmental organizations, private companies, and local communities. Occurred medium or highintensity magnitude earthquakes in last twenty years showed that these loses continue. Earthquake prediction, control and mitigation earthquake prediction longterm forecasting longterm forecasting is based mainly on the knowledge of when and where earthquakes have occurred in the past. The funding available starting wednesday, and only for 30 days is offered to eligible homes in the bay area cities of hayward, san mateo, redwood city, san bruno, daly city, colma a. Due to its large file size, this book may take longer to download.
In particular, studies of the kobe earthquake of 1995 and the more recent devastating earthquakes in turkey and greece august and september 1999, respectively are included. Earthquake hazard mitigation for nonstructural elements. In 2007, the city of pisco suffered substantial damage from an earthquake and tsunami of meters, resulting in over 500 fatalities, 15,000 injuries, and the destruction of over 40,000 homes. Implications of recent earthquakes on seismic risk. Nonstructural earthquake mitigation guidance manual. Mitigation publications beneficial to local officials, building professionals, and the public.
Chapter 4 buildings, structures, and nonstructural components. In preparation for a potential earthquake disaster, usaid has worked over 20 years supporting disaster risk reduction drr efforts in nepal. Mete e, seeber l, smyth a, and yuzugullu o 2002, benefitcost analysis for earthquake mitigation. However, if there are components in the building that fail, or cause the building not to operate in the required manner e. Earthquake and tsunami disaster mitigation global benefits. Building codes reduce earthquake damage to structures. Honkura japan science and technology agency satreps program officer international symposium on earthquake and tsunami disaster mitigation in latin america march 7, 2014. Latest seismicfire construction handbook for practitioners. Engineering seismology and earthquake engineering research eseer. Pdf disaster management and mitigation for earthquakes. This project is funded by fema, the illinois emergency management agency, the university of oklahoma and southern illinois universitycarbondale. Thus, knowledge of present tectonic setting, historical records, and. Latest seismicfire construction handbook for practitioners isbn.
Stephen tobriner is a professor of architectural history at. Welcome to the civilax virtual library, the most comprehensive online civil engineering resource collection in the world. Important archives and records, invaluable art objects, and book and other. Chapter 1 introduction chapter 2 global context for nonstructural issues an overview of nonstructural problems in terms of. Preventive and mitigation measures when earthquake strikes a building is thrown mostly from side to side, and also up and down along with the building foundation the building structure tends to stay at rest, similar to a passenger standing on a bus that accelerates quickly. Earthquakes are the most destructive natural hazards throughout human history. Use of diagonal beams braces against earthquake motions. May 30, 2014 earthquake mitigation planmeasures early warning benefits this method is better than announcements by radio, tv, mobile phones because almost all the people will listen to this announcement. For reinforced concrete rc buildings, inappropriate design such as soft and weak. Even when a tank remains on its legs, the supply line can be. Effect of xbracing configuration on earthquake damage cost. For example, structural mitigation would be when a family reinforces there home to make it more wind proof, or earthquake proof. Published by the california division of the state architect dept.
Computed capacity is the structures ability to resist that effect without failure. Mitigation of seismic motion is an important factor in earthquake engineering and construction in earthquakeprone areas. Here you can explore structural dynamics and earthquake engineering books. This is the introduction to over 50 short videos hosted by mike fleming on earthquake mitigation. Loos code compliant seismic wire rope bracing is a great solution for your project. If the home is supported only with concrete blocks or metal jacks, you need better protection, have an engineered tiedown system or an earthquake resistant bracing system erbs installed. Disaster management and mitigation for earthquakes. Guidebook for earthquake protection for nonstructural members. This book is meant to introduce the fundamentals of earthquake protection of nonstructural elements in buildings to first time readers, wishing to get a grip of the basics of the subject. Earthquake resistant structures seismic demand should be less than the computed capacity seismic demand is the effect of the earthquake on the structure.
Securely anchor all large kitchen and laundry equipment to the floor, wall, or countertop, depending on the item. Sep 01, 2011 the earthquake damage cost analysis results reveal that x bracing configurationi is more sensitive to system force coefficient in the manner of damage cost than the other x bracing cases. To train hazard mitigation advisor specialists to explain both the earthquake hazard and how to mitigate future damages effectively, to people. Reinforce building with cross bracing, earthquake handbook, fema hazard mitigation handbook series, federal emergency. In most buildings, the braces or walls may be hidden behind exterior cladding or interior partitions. Earthquake mitigation plan and measures linkedin slideshare. Books, files, medical records may fall and get scrambled or damaged. However, the chevron braced frame system is limited in term of lateral loads redistribution over the building height. Nonstructural earthquake mitigation guidance manual prepared for federal emergency management agency 500 c street, sw washington, d. Chapter 1 introduction chapter 2 global context for nonstructural issues an overview of nonstructural problems in terms of overall international seismic risk. Many of these vulnerabilities can be mitigated by understanding how the forces. Later, the tohokupacific ocean earthquake, which occurred on march 11, 2011, wrought tremendous damage far and wide. The chevron braced frame is a widely used seismic force resistant system in north america in areas subjected to moderatetosevere earthquakes. The earthquake damage cost analysis results reveal that xbracing configurationi is more sensitive to system force coefficient in the manner of damage cost than the other xbracing cases.
Fema 350 recommended seismic design criteria for new. Mitigation of seismic motion is an important factor in earthquake engineering and construction in earthquake prone areas. May 01, 2004 the purpose of this nonstructural earthquake mitigation guidance manual is to help the federal emergency management agency fema, state, and local officials, and other stakeholders answer two central questions about nonstructural seismic hazard mitigation projects. Introduction to earthquake protection of nonstructural. Tumbling objects due to an earthquake guidebook for earthquake protection for nonstructural members of school facilities in march 2010 and supported their efforts. Exterior walltofoundation connection anchor bolts simpson manufacturing co.
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